SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI HIDROKSIAPATIT DARI TULANG PAHA SAPI (Bos taurus) MENGGUNAKAN METODE PRESIPITASI

RACHMAT, SHINTA WIDIA (2025) SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI HIDROKSIAPATIT DARI TULANG PAHA SAPI (Bos taurus) MENGGUNAKAN METODE PRESIPITASI. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS BAKTI TUNAS HUSADA TASIKMALAYA.

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Abstract

PROGRAM STUDI S1-FARMASI FAKULTAS FARMASI UNIVERSITAS BAKTI TUNAS HUSADA SKRIPSI, JULI 2025 SHINTA WIDIA RACHMAT Abstrak Hidroksiapatit (HA) adalah senyawa kalsium fosfat yang banyak digunakan sebagai biomaterial. Penelitian ini mensintesis HA dari tulang paha sapi dengan metode presipitasi dan variasi pH 9, 10, dan 11. Tulang dikalsinasi pada 900°C untuk menghasilkan CaO, yang direaksikan dengan HCl membentuk CaCl₂. Ion fosfat dari H₃PO₄ ditambahkan perlahan sambil mengatur pH, dan reaksi dilakukan pada suhu 90°C dengan pengadukan, diikuti pengeringan dan kalsinasi. Karakterisasi menggunakan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), XRF (X-ray Fluorescence), dan SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), menunjukkan pH 10 menghasilkan rendemen tertinggi (13,81 gram) dengan struktur kristal dan gugus fungsional khas HA. Rasio Ca/P sedikit lebih tinggi dari standar karena sisa CaO. Morfologi SEM menunjukkan partikel kristal lempeng yang merata. HA hasil sintesis memiliki karakteristik fisik dan kimia mendekati standar dan berpotensi digunakan sebagai biomaterial. Kata Kunci : hidroksiapatit, tulang sapi, presipitasi, kalsinasi, biomaterial Abstract Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a calcium phosphate compound widely used as a biomaterial. This study aimed to synthesize HA from cow femur bone using the precipitation method with pH variations of 9, 10, and 11. The bone was calcined at 900°C to produce CaO, which was then reacted with HCl to form CaCl₂. Phosphate ions from H₃PO₄ solution were added slowly while maintaining the pH. The reaction was carried out at 90°C with stirring, followed by drying and calcination. Characterization by FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), XRF (X-ray Fluorescence), and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) showed that pH 10 produced the highest yield (13.81 grams) with crystal structure and functional groups typical of HA. The Ca/P ratio was slightly higher than the standard due to remaining CaO. SEM morphology revealed uniformly distributed plate-like crystal particles. The synthesized HA has physical and chemical characteristics close to the standard and shows potential for use as a biomaterial Keywords : hydroxyapatite, cow bone, precipitation, calcination, biomaterial

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