KAJIAN FARMAKOGNOSI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN HANJUANG MERAH (Cordyline fruticosa L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus PENYEBAB BATUK BERDAHAK

Faridah, Ida (0025) KAJIAN FARMAKOGNOSI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN HANJUANG MERAH (Cordyline fruticosa L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus PENYEBAB BATUK BERDAHAK. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Bakti Tunas Husada.

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Abstract

Abstrak Daun hanjuang merah (Cordyline fruticosa L.) secara tradisional dipakai guna mengobati batuk berdahak, yang dapat diakibatkan oleh infeksi bakteri seperti Staphylococcus aureus. Studi ini bertujuan guna menstandarkan kualitas simplisia serta ekstrak etanol 70% daun hanjuang merah (EEDHM) serta mengevaluasi aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap S. aureus. Standarisasi mengikuti pedoman Materia Medika Indonesia dan Farmakope Herbal Indonesia. Ekstraksi dilakukan memakai metode maserasi dengan etanol 70%. Aktivitas antibakteri diuji memakai metode difusi sumuran dan Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM). Analisis fitokimia memperoleh bahwa simplisia serta ekstrak mengandung flavonoid, polifenol, tanin, saponin, steroid, monoterpenoid, kuinon, dan seskuiterpenoid. Ekstrak memiliki kandungan larut air sebesar 34,593%, kandungan larut etanol sebesar 31,663%, kandungan air sebesar 4,667%, kehilangan berat saat pengeringan sebesar 9,571%, abu total sebesar 7,697%, dan abu tak larut asam sebesar 0,878%. Uji antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa EEDHM pada konsentrasi 10%, 25%, 35%, dan 50% memiliki efek penghambatan yang kuat terhadap S. aureus. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa EEDHM secara signifikan lebih efektif daripada amoksisilin (p<0,05) dengan mean different diameter zona hambat ekstrak lebih besar, meskipun konsentrasi 10% memiliki efektivitas yang serupa dengan amoksisilin (p>0,05). Uji KHM menunjukkan bahwa EEDHM masih menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri pada konsentrasi 0,8%, dengan zona penghambatan sebesar 2,426 mm. Kata Kunci: Cordyline fruticosa L., antibakteri, Staphyloccous aureus Abstract Red hanjuang leaves (Cordyline fruticosa L.) are traditionally used to treat coughs with phlegm, which may arise from bacterial infections like Staphylococcus aureus. This study aims to standardize the quality of simplicia and 70% ethanol extracts of red hanjuang leaves (EERHL) and evaluate their antibacterial activity against S. aureus. Standardization followed the guidelines of Materia Medika Indonesia and Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopeia. The extraction process was performed through maceration with 70% ethanol. Antibacterial activity was determined by the well diffusion method and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) methods. Phytochemical analysis showed that the simplicia and extracts contained flavonoids, tannins, saponins, polyphenols, steroids, quinones, monoterpenoids, and sesquiterpenoids. The extract has a water-soluble content of 34.593%, an ethanol-soluble content of 31.663%, a water content of 4.667%, a weight loss during drying of 9.571%, a total ash content of 7.697%, and an acid-insoluble ash content of 0.878%. Antibacterial testing showed that EERHL at concentrations of 10%, 25%, 35%, and 50% exhibited strong inhibitory effects against S. aureus. Statistical analysis showed that EERHL was significantly more effective than amoxicillin (p<0.05) with a larger mean diameter of the inhibition zone, although the 10% concentration had similar efficacy to amoxicillin (p>0.05). The MIC test showed that EERHL still exhibited antibacterial activity at a concentration of 0.8%, with an inhibition zone of 2.426 mm. Keywords: Cordyline fruticosa L., antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus

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