FORMULASI SEDIAAN SERUM MINYAK KAPULAGA (Amomum compactum Sol ex. Maton) SEBAGAI AGEN ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP Propionibacterium acnes

Fauziah, Sofa Kurnia (2026) FORMULASI SEDIAAN SERUM MINYAK KAPULAGA (Amomum compactum Sol ex. Maton) SEBAGAI AGEN ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP Propionibacterium acnes. Sarjana thesis, Universitas BTH Tasikmalaya.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Jerawat merupakan penyakit kulit yang dipengaruhi oleh pertumbuhan Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), sehingga diperlukan alternatif sediaan topikal berbahan alam yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan memformulasikan minyak kapulaga (Amomum compactum Sol. ex Maton) menjadi sediaan serum, mengevaluasi karakteristik fisik dan stabilitasnya, serta menguji aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap P. acnes. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental dilakukan melalui karakterisasi minyak kapulaga menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), formulasi serum dengan konsentrasi minyak 10%; 15% dan 20%, evaluasi mutu fisik, uji stabilitas, uji hedonik, serta uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi sumuran. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minyak kapulaga menunjukkan gugus fungsi khas senyawa terpenoid dan mampu menghambat pertumbuhan P. acnes dengan rata-rata diameter zona hambat sebesar 10,62±0,16 mm (konsentrasi minyak kapulaga 10%), 14,07±0,49 mm (konsentrasi minyak kapulaga 15%), dan 17,80±1,28 mm (konsentrasi minyak kapulaga 20%). Seluruh formula serum memenuhi persyaratan mutu fisik, bertipe emulsi minyak dalam air (M/A), stabil selama pengujian. Dengan konsenrasi 20% pada Formula 3 memberikan aktivitas antibakteri terbaik dengan diameter zona hambat sebesar 11,41±1,03 mm termasuk dalam kategori kuat. Kesimpulan: Serum minyak kapulaga berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai sediaan topikal antijerawat berbahan alam. Kata Kunci: Amomum compactum Sol. ex maton, Minyak kapulaga, Propionibacterium acnes, Serum. ABSTRACT Introduction: Acne is a skin condition influenced by the growth of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), thus necessitating alternative topical formulations made from natural ingredients that possess antibacterial activity. Objective: This study aims to formulate cardamom oil (Amomum compactum Sol. ex Maton) into a serum preparation, evaluate its physical characteristics and stability, and test its antibacterial activity against P. acnes. Methods: An experimental study was conducted to characterize cardamom oil using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, formulating the serum at oil concentrations of 10%;15% and 20%, evaluating physical quality, conducting stability testing, hedonic testing, and antibacterial activity testing using the well diffusion method. Results: The results of the study showed that cardamom oil exhibited functional groups characteristic of terpenoids and was able to inhibit the growth of P. acnes with an average inhibition zone diameter of 10.62±0.16 mm (10% cardamom oil concentration), 14.07 ± 0.49 mm (cardamom oil concentration 15%), and 17.80 ± 1.28 mm (cardamom oil concentration 20%). All serum formulations met the physical quality requirements,were of the oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion type, and remained stable throughout testing. Formula 3, with a 20% concentration, exhibited the best antibacterial activity, with a inhibition zone diameter of 11.41 ± 1.03 mm, which falls into the “strong” category. Conclusion: Cardamom oil serum has the potential to be developed as a natural topical acne treatment. Keywords: Amomum compactum sol. ex. maton, Cardamom oil, Propionibacterium acnes, Serum.

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