FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS SEDIAAN EMULGEL EKSTRAK DAUN SALAM (Syzygium polyanthum) SEBAGAI ANTIJERAWAT

APRILIANI, ANGGITA (2026) FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS SEDIAAN EMULGEL EKSTRAK DAUN SALAM (Syzygium polyanthum) SEBAGAI ANTIJERAWAT. Sarjana thesis, UNIVERSITAS BAKTI TUNAS HUSADA TASIKMALAYA.

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Abstract

PROGRAM STUDI S1 FARMASI FAKULTAS FARMASI UNIVERSITAS BAKTI TUNAS HUSADA ABSTRAK Jerawat merupakan salah atu masalah kulit yang umum terjadi dan salah satu penyebab utamanya adalah bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Penggunaaan antibiotik sebagai terapi antijerawat berpotensi menimbulkan efek samping resistensi, sehingga diperlukan altenatif pengobatan berbasis bahan alam. Daun salam (Syzygium polyanthum) mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, saponin, dan triterpenoid yang berpotensi sebagai antijerawat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan ekstrak daun salam dalam bentuk sediaan emulgel dan mengevaluasi aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap Propionibacterium acnes. Tahapan penelitian meliputi determinasi tanaman, pembuatan simplisia, ekstraksi, skrinning fitokimia, formulasi emulgel, evaluasi fisik sediaan meliputi uji organoleptic, homogenitas, pH, daya lekat, daya sebar, viskositas, dan stabilitas. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi sumuran terhadap Propionibacterium acnes. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa seluruh formula emulgel memiliki karateristik fisik yang bauk, homogen, dan memenuhi rentang pH kulit. Pada uji antibakteri, basis emulgel (F0) tidak menunjukan zona hambat, sedangkan formula dengan ekstrak daun salam menunjukan zona hambat berturut-turut sebesar 10,10 mm (F1). 14,27 mm (F2), dan 19,87 mm (F3). Hasil menunjukan bahwa emulgel ekstrak daun salam memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dan berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai sediaan antijerawat. ABSTRACT Acne is a common skin problem, and one of its main causes is the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes. The use of antibiotics as an acne treatment can potentially cause side effects and lead to resistance, making natural-based treatment alternatives necessary. Bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids that have potential as acne treatments. This study aims to formulate bay leaf extract into an emulgel preparation and evaluate its antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes. The research stages included plant identification, preparation of crude drug, extraction using the maceration method, phytochemical screening, emulgels formulation, and physical evaluation of the preparations, including organoleptic testing, homogeneity, pH, adhesion, spreadability, viscosity, and stability. Antibacterial activity testing was performed using the well diffusion method against Propionibacterium acnes. The results showed that all emulgel formulations possessed good physical characteristics, were homogeneous, and fell within the skin’s pH range. In the antibacterial test, the emulsion gel base (F0) did not show an inhibition zone, whereas the formulations containing bay leaf extract showed inhibition zones of 10.10 mm (F1), 14.27 mm (F2), and 19.87 mm (F3), respectively. The results indicate that bay leaf extract emulgel possesses antibacterial activity and has the potential to be developed as an acne treatment.

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